Pisqa’ 98²¹⁶

1. “And every animal that parts the hoof, which is split into two (shosaat shesa) and ruminates its cud” (Dt. 14:6). Unless it possesses all three of these signs, it is not permitted as food.

footnotes: ²¹⁶ H:146; JN1:255.

Abba Hanan, in the name of R. Eliezer, says: [the animal known as] the split one (shasu`ah) is a kind of wild cattle.2. [“Any clean bird you may eat” (Dt. 14:11)].

Said R. Yoshaiah: Any place [in Scripture] that specifies bird— the verse is identifying a clean one [that may be eaten].

clean fowl is called fowl and it is called bird. But an unclean one is never called anything but fowl. ²¹⁷ per.5:3.

footnotes: ²¹⁷ Sifra, shemini,

3. [“The buzzard, the falcon, and the kite” (Dt. 14:13)] — the kite (dayah)—it is a falcon (ayah). And, in fact, they are all a kind of kite. Isi b. Judah says: there are 100 types of fowl in the East, and all of them are a kind of falcon.

[One verse states] “The buzzard (ra’ah), the falcon (‘ayah), and the kite” (dayah), and any kind of raven (oreiv*)” (Dt. 14:13). [yet another verse states:] “The falcon, the *kite* (*da’ah*), the buzzard . . . and any kind of raven” (Lv. 11:14)— why is this [list of unclean animals (Lv. 11:1-47)] restated in the Repetition of the Torah (Dt. 14:3-21)? [Regarding] the cattle, because of the *split one* (*shasuah), and [regarding] the fowl—because of the kite, [which is known as dayah (Dt. 14:13) and da’ah (Lv. 11:14)]²¹⁸98.1-2 appears out of place in relation to the flow of the scriptural text, while 98.3-4 is poorly attested in the textual tradition of Sifre. See Ish-Shalom, ad loc., n. 1, F:159, n.4, and his critical apparatus, ls. 4-11.

footnotes: ²¹⁸ Pisqa’