And it was at that time, that Yehudah descended from his brothers. He turned away [from them], until [he came to] a man, an Adullamite, whose name was Chirah.

And it came to pass at that time, that Yehuda went down from his brothers, and turned in to a certain ῾Adullamite, whose name was Ḥira.

And it was at that time that Judah was brought down [from his greatness] by his brothers [(When they beheld their father's grief, they said to him: You told us to sell him; if you had told us to return him, we would have heeded you)], and he turned [away from his brothers] to [partnership with] an Adulamite man by the name of Chirah.

There Yehudah saw the daughter of a Canaanite man whose name was Shu’a. He took her and consummated a marriage with her.

And Yehuda saw there a daughter of a certain Kena῾anite, whose name was Shu῾a; and he took her, and went in to her.

And Judah saw there the daughter of a merchant by the name of Shua. And he took her and lived with her.

She conceived and gave birth to a son. He named him Er.

And she conceived, and bore a son; and he called his name ῾Er.

And she conceived and she bore a son and he called his name Er.

She conceived again and gave birth to a son. She named him Onan.

And she conceived again, and bore a son; and she called his name Onan.

And she conceived again and she bore a son and she called his name Onan.

She conceived once again and gave birth to a son. She named him Sheilah. He [Yehudah] was in Keziv when she gave birth to him.

And she yet again conceived, and bore a son; and called his name Shela: and he was at Keziv, when she bore him.

And she again bore a son and she called him Shelah. And he was in Keziv ["cessation" (from bearing)] when she bore him.

Yehudah took a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.

And Yehuda took a wife for ῾Er his firstborn, whose name was Tamar.

And Judah took a wife for Er, his first-born, whose name was Tamar.

Er, Yehudah’s firstborn was wicked in the eyes of Adonoy, and Adonoy put him to death.

And ῾Er, Yehuda’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord; and the Lord slew him.

And Er, the first-born of Judah, was evil in the eyes of the L rd, [destroying his seed to preserve his wife's beauty], and the L rd killed him.

Yehudah said to Onan, Consummate marriage with your brother’s wife, and fulfill the yibum rite with her, and establish seed for your brother.

And Yehuda said to Onan, Go in to thy brother’s wife, and perform the duty of a brother in law, and raise up seed to thy brother.

And Judah said to Onan: Come to your brother's wife and take her in levirate marriage, and establish seed for your brother, [the son being called by the latter's name].

Onan knew that the descendants would not be his. Whenever he cohabited with his brother’s wife, he let it go to waste on the ground, in order not to give progeny to his brother.

And Onan knew that the seed would not be his; and it came to pass, when he went in to his brother’s wife, that he spilled it on the ground, lest he should give seed to his brother.

And Onan knew that not his would be the seed. And it was, when he came to his brother's wife, that he destroyed [the seed] to the ground ["threshing within and winnowing without"], not to give seed to his brother.

What he did was evil in the eyes of Adonoy, and He also put him to death.

And the thing which he did displeased the Lord: So He slew him also.

And it was evil in the eyes of the L rd what he had done, and He killed him too.

Yehudah said to Tamar, his daughter-in-law, Live as a widow in your father’s house until my son Sheilah is of age. He said, Lest he also die like his brothers. Tamar went and lived in her father’s house.

Then said Yehuda to Tamar his daughter in law, Remain a widow at thy father’s home, till Shela my son be grown: for he said, Lest perchance he die also, as his brothers did. And Tamar went and dwelt in her father’s house.

And Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law [as a pretext for not giving Shelah to her]: Remain a widow in your father's house until Shelah my son grows up. For he said (to himself): Lest he, too, die as his brothers. And Tamar went and she sat in her father's house.

Many days passed, and Shu’a’s daughter, the wife of Yehudah died. Yehudah sought consolation, and went up to his sheep-shearers—he and his friend, Chirah the Adullamite—to Timnah.

And in process of time the daughter of Shu῾a Yehuda’s wife died; and when Yehuda was comforted, he went up to his sheep shearers to Timna, he and his friend Ḥira the ῾Adullamite.

And in the course of time, the daughter of Shua, Judah's wife, died. And Judah was consoled and he went up to [supervise] his sheep shearers, he and Chirah his companion, the Adulamite, to Timnah.

Tamar was told, Behold your father-in-law has come to Timnah, to shear his sheep.

And it was told Tamar, saying, Behold thy father in law goes up to Timna to shear his sheep.

And it was told to Tamar, saying: Behold, your father-in-law has gone up to Timnah to shear his sheep.

She took off her widow’s garb, covered herself with a veil, and disguised herself. She sat at the crossroads which is on the road to Timnah, for she saw that Sheilah had come of age and she had not been given to him for a wife.

And she put off her widow’s garments, and covered herself with a veil, and wrapped herself, and sat by the entrance to ῾Enayim, which is by the way to Timna; for she saw that Shela was grown, and she was not given to him to wife.

And she removed her widow's weeds, and she donned a veil and covered her face, and she sat at the crossroads on the way to Timnah. For she saw that Shelah had grown and that she had not been given to him as a wife. [(And Tamar was desirous of perpetuating Judah's line)]

Yehudah saw her and thought she was a harlot, because she had covered her face.

When Yehuda saw her, he thought her to be a harlot; because she had covered her face.

And Judah saw her and he thought her to be a harlot, [for she sat at the crossroads], for she had covered her face [that he not be able to recognize her].

He turned aside to her on the road, and said, Please, let me be with you, for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law. She said, What will you give me for the privilege of being with me?

And he turned to her by the way, and said, Come now, I pray thee, let me come in to thee (for he knew not that she was his daughter in law.) And she said, What wilt thou give me, that thou mayst come in to me?

And he detoured to her to the way [on which she sat]. And he said: Ready yourself that I may come to you. (For he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law.) And she said to him: What will you give me for coming to me?

He said, I will send you a kid from the flock. She said, [Only] if you give me some security until you send it.

And he said, I will send thee a kid from the flock. And she said, Wilt thou give me a pledge, till thou send it?

And he said: I shall send a goat-kid from the flock. And she said: If you give me a pledge until you send it.

He said, What security shall I give you? She said, Your signet ring, your wrap, and your staff that is in your hand. He gave them to her and was with her, and she became pregnant by him.

And he said, What pledge shall I give thee? And she said, Thy signet, and thy cord, and thy staff that is in thy hand.

And he said: What is the pledge that I shall give you? And she said: Your signet and your cloak and the staff that is in your hand. And he gave it to her and he came to her and she conceived to him [i.e., strong ones like him: righteous ones like him].

She got up and went away. She took off her veil, and put on her widow’s garb.

And he gave it her, and came in to her, and she conceived by him. And she arose, and went away, and laid by her veil from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood.

And she arose, and she went, and she removed her veil from her, and she donned her widow's garments.

Yehudah sent the goat-kid with his friend the Adullamite, to retrieve the security from the woman, but he could not find her.

And Yehuda sent the kid by the hand of his friend the ῾Adullamite, to receive his pledge from the woman’s hand: but he found her not.

And Judah sent the goat-kid with his friend the Adulamite to take the pledge from the woman, and he did not find her.

He asked the men of her place, Where is the harlot that was at the junction, on the road? They said, There was no harlot here.

Then he asked the men of that place, saying, Where is the harlot, that was at ῾Enayim by the wayside? And they said, There was no harlot in this place.

And he asked the men of her place: Where is the harlot of the crossroads? And they said: There was no harlot here.

He returned to Yehudah and said, I did not find her, and the men of her place also said that there was no harlot there.

And he returned to Yehuda, and said, I cannot find her; and also the men of the place said, There was no harlot in this place.

And he returned to Judah and he said: I did not find her, and the men of the place also said: There was no harlot here.

Yehudah said, Let her take it, lest we are humiliated. Behold I sent her this kid, and you could not find her.

And Yehuda said, Let her take it to her, lest we be shamed: behold, I sent this kid, and thou hast not found her.

And Judah said: Let her take it [what she had], lest we be put to shame [i.e., exposed by our oversolicitous inquiry]. Behold, I sent this kid and you did not find her. [What more could I have done?]

About three months later, Yehudah was told, Tamar, your daughter-in-law, has been promiscuous, moreover, her promiscuity has resulted in pregnancy. Yehudah said, Take her out and let her be burned.

And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Yehuda, saying, Tamar thy daughter in law has played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with child by harlotry. And Yehuda said, Bring her out and let her be burnt.

And it was, with the tripling of the months [the greater part of the first, the greater part of the last, and all of the middle] that it was told to Judah: Tamar your daughter-in-law has played the harlot, and she is also pregnant by harlotry. And Judah said: Take her out and let her be burned, [Tamar being the daughter of Shem, a Cohein (see Rashi on 14:18 and Leviticus 21:9)].

She was being taken out, and she sent [word] to her father-in-law saying, By the man to whom these belong am I pregnant. She said, Please recognize to whom this signet, wrap and staff belong.

When she was brought forth, she sent to her father in law, saying, By the man, whose these are, am I with child: and she said, Discern, I pray thee, whose are these, the signet, and the cord, and the staff.

As she was being taken out [to be burned], she sent to her father-in-law, saying, I am with child by the man to whom these belong. And she said: Recognize, I pray you, whose are this signet and cloak and staff.

Yehudah recognized them and said, She is righteous, [it is] from me, inasmuch that I did not give her to my son Sheilah. He was not intimate with her any more.

And Yehuda acknowledged them, and said, She has been more righteous than I; because I gave her not to Shela my son. And he knew her again no more.

And Judah recognized them and he said: She is right. [She is with child] by me. For [she acted] justly [in that] I did not give her to Shelah my son. And he did not live with her again.

When the time came for her to give birth, there were twins in her womb.

And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb.

And it was, at the time of her bearing, that, behold, there were twins in her womb.

As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand. The midwife took it and tied a scarlet thread on his hand, saying, This one emerged first.

And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one put out his hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, This came out first.

And it was, as she bore, that one put forth his hand. And the midwife took and tied a red string on his hand, saying: This one came out first.

When he put back his hand, behold his brother emerged, and she said, With what strength you have pushed yourself. He named him Peretz.

And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand, that, behold, his brother came out: and she said, Why hast thou made such a breach for thyself? Therefore his name was called Pereż.

And it was, when he drew back his hand, that his brother came out. And she said: How you have girded yourself with strength [paretz]! And he called his name Paretz.

Then his brother emerged—the one upon whose hand was the scarlet thread. He named him Zorach.

And afterward his brother came out, that had the scarlet thread upon his hand: and his name was called Zeraĥ.

And then his brother came out on whose hand was the [shining] red string. And he called his name Zarach ["shining"].