and to the hills [Heb. [ולגבעות is] a term expressing height.

and to the valleys [ולגאיות is] a term expressing valleys.

your sun gods חַמָּנֵיכֶם, a class of pagan idols made on the roofs [dedicated] to the sun.

and shown to be guilty Heb. ויאשמו [lit. they be made guilty.] They will be recognized for their guilt.

And those of you that escape will remember Me My kindnesses and My compassion, that I had compassion on them when they committed iniquities before Me in their land.

that I yielded to their straying heart That I yielded to them. Although their heart went astray and they turned away from Me, I begged of them, through My prophets, to return to Me, and [promised] that I will [then] do good for them, but they were unwilling.

and they will quarrel with themselves Heb. וְנָקֹטוּ. Menachem associated it with (Ps. 119:158): “I saw traitors, and I quarreled (וָאֶתְקוֹטָטָה).” They will quarrel with themselves for not listening to Me. Jonathan renders: וְידַנְקוּן and they will see, and so does he translate (below 9:4): “those who groan (הַנֶאֶנָקִים),” דְּמִדַנְקִין, and (Mal. 2:13): “weeping...and groaning (וַאֲנָקָה),” דְּמִדַנְקָן, demonir in Old French, to groan.

and stamp Its context implies that it means to stamp one’s foot on the ground to flatten out the mud, and this is a custom of a mourner.

and say, Ah! A cry of grief and woe.

and who is in the siege Heb. והנצור, one who is gathered into the city when they besiege it.

and I shall spend My fury I shall finish all My fury and My desire to do evil to them.

terebinth Heb. אֵלָה, planzon in Old French, a branch.

branchy עֲבֻתָּה, an expression of (below 20: 28): “a branchy (עָבוֹת) tree,” i.e., whose branches are many.

a desolation Heb. שְּׁמָמָה, without an inhabitant.

and an astonishment Heb. ומשמה, a wonder, i.e., that all who see it will wonder about it.